Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 17, 2026
07:49
Measuring Local Anaphylaxis in Mice
Published on: October 14, 2014
[How I treat anaphylaxis in children]
1Department of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Children's Medical Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
Summary
Anaphylaxis management in children requires prompt epinephrine use. Refractory cases need intravenous epinephrine, fluids, and potentially other drugs, emphasizing epinephrine
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
- Emergency Medicine
- Clinical Therapeutics
Background:
- Anaphylaxis is a severe, rapid hypersensitivity reaction.
- Low awareness and delayed epinephrine use contribute to poor outcomes in China.
- Current guidelines emphasize epinephrine as the primary treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically describe anaphylaxis recognition, diagnosis, and management in children.
- To outline strategies for classic and refractory anaphylaxis.
- To highlight the importance of timely epinephrine administration and long-term care.
Main Methods:
- Review of two clinical cases.
- Analysis of current domestic and international anaphylaxis guidelines.
- Systematic description of diagnostic and treatment protocols.
Main Results:
- Early intramuscular epinephrine is crucial for classic anaphylaxis.
- Refractory anaphylaxis necessitates prompt intravenous epinephrine, fluid resuscitation, and possibly vasoactive drugs.
- Antihistamines and corticosteroids are adjunctive, not primary treatments.
Conclusions:
- Timely and appropriate epinephrine administration is life-saving in pediatric anaphylaxis.
- Aggressive management, including intravenous epinephrine for refractory cases, improves outcomes.
- Standardized long-term care and novel delivery methods are essential for better prognosis.
Related Concept Videos
01:30Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis
Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin, heparin),...
02:06Allergic Reactions
Overview
01:30Adrenergic Agonists: Therapeutic Uses
Adrenergic agonists have diverse therapeutic uses across various medical conditions and emergencies.
Emergency and Intensive Care Unit (ICU) applications: Pressor agents increase blood pressure, heart rate, and contractility in shock and organ failure situations. Dopamine can induce vasodilation and stimulate adrenoceptors. Endogenous catecholamines are effective in treating cardiogenic shock. α2-agonists like clonidine can reverse anesthesia-induced hypertension.
Allergies and anaphylaxis:...
Emergency and Intensive Care Unit (ICU) applications: Pressor agents increase blood pressure, heart rate, and contractility in shock and organ failure situations. Dopamine can induce vasodilation and stimulate adrenoceptors. Endogenous catecholamines are effective in treating cardiogenic shock. α2-agonists like clonidine can reverse anesthesia-induced hypertension.
Allergies and anaphylaxis:...
01:30Asthma-IV: Diagnostic and Management
The diagnosis and management of asthma are comprehensive, encompassing clinical assessments, lung function tests, and pharmacological interventions. Here's an overview:
Clinical Assessment for Asthma:
This is the first step in diagnosing and managing asthma. It includes:
Clinical Assessment for Asthma:
This is the first step in diagnosing and managing asthma. It includes:
01:25Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation IV: Pharmacological Management
Pharmacologic intervention is crucial in treating cardiac arrest patients during ACLS or Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support. The ACLS algorithms guide the administration of specific drugs based on the patient's cardiac arrest rhythm, which includes pulseless ventricular tachycardia (VT), ventricular fibrillation (VF), asystole, and pulseless electrical activity (PEA).EpinephrineIndication: Epinephrine is the first-line drug for all cardiac arrest rhythms.Mechanism of Action: Epinephrine...
01:25Antiasthma Drugs: Mast Cell Stabilizers and Anti-IgE Drugs
Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition for which new therapeutic avenues, including anti-inflammatory drugs like mast cell stabilizers and anti-IgE treatments, continue to be developed.
Mast cell stabilizers, such as cromolyn (also known as sodium cromoglycate) and nedocromil (Tilade), are effective drugs in asthma management. These stabilizers hinder histamine release by skillfully obstructing the activation of mast cells and other cellular entities. Notably, they navigate this task without...
Mast cell stabilizers, such as cromolyn (also known as sodium cromoglycate) and nedocromil (Tilade), are effective drugs in asthma management. These stabilizers hinder histamine release by skillfully obstructing the activation of mast cells and other cellular entities. Notably, they navigate this task without...