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Cloud-native encryption as a service for IoT.
Amir Javadpour1, Tarik Taleb2, Chafika Benzaid3
1Senior Cybersecurity Researcher MOSA!C Lab / ICTFICIAL Oy, Espoo, Finland. a.javadpour87@gmail.com.
Scientific Reports
|July 15, 2026
Summary
Encryption as a Service (EaaS) offers scalable cryptographic solutions for Internet of Things (IoT) devices. Fog-based deployment significantly reduces latency compared to cloud-based options, enhancing IoT security.
Area of Science:
- Computer Science
- Cybersecurity
- Distributed Systems
Background:
- Resource-constrained Internet of Things (IoT) devices struggle with local cryptographic computations.
- Encryption as a Service (EaaS) provides a viable solution for offloading these intensive tasks.
- Scalable and efficient cryptographic services are crucial for secure IoT environments.
Purpose of the Study:
- To present a cloud-native EaaS platform implemented on Kubernetes for IoT.
- To evaluate cloud-based versus fog-based deployment modes for the EaaS platform.
- To analyze the platform's performance in terms of processing, deployment, and response times.
Main Methods:
- Developed a cloud-native EaaS platform on Kubernetes.
- Implemented and compared cloud-based and fog-based deployment strategies.
- Evaluated processing time, deployment time, and end-to-end response time.
- Identified the Key Manager as the most resource-intensive component.
Main Results:
- Fog-based deployment achieved latency reductions of at least [Formula: see text] for small payloads and up to [Formula: see text] for large payloads.
- Increasing replicas from 1 to 5 increased deployment time by over [Formula: see text]; 11 replicas increased it by approximately [Formula: see text].
- The Key Manager component significantly impacted pod readiness time.
Conclusions:
- The Kubernetes-based EaaS platform offers flexible and scalable cryptographic support for IoT.
- Fog-based deployment provides significant latency advantages for IoT applications.
- Optimizing the Key Manager component is essential for improving overall platform performance.
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