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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Fabrication of Three-Dimensional Graphene-Based Polyhedrons via Origami-Like Self-Folding
14:52

Fabrication of Three-Dimensional Graphene-Based Polyhedrons via Origami-Like Self-Folding

Published on: September 23, 2018

Graphene oxide-polydopamine membranes with controlled interlayer spacing.

Youhua Lu1, Laiyang Wei2, Zi-An Xie1

  • 1Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.

Nature
|July 15, 2026
PubMed

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Summary

We developed new composite graphene oxide membranes (GOMs) using polydopamine. These GOMs offer tunable spacing for precise ion sieving and high-throughput water purification, overcoming previous limitations.

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Environmental Engineering

Background:

  • Stacked graphene oxide membranes (GOMs) show promise for high-throughput water, ion, and molecule sieving in environmental and energy applications.
  • Key challenges include achieving sub-nanometer interlayer spacing and sub-angstrom tunability while maintaining structural robustness for selective ion transport.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop polydopamine-pillared composite GOMs with tunable and stable interlayer spacing for advanced sieving capabilities.
  • To demonstrate the membranes' effectiveness in selective ion separation and high-flux water purification.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of composite GOMs using a dopamine assembly and reaction timescale separation method.
  • Utilizing the lower freezing point of nanoconfined water to control interlayer spacing during dopamine nanopillar assembly.

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Published on: September 23, 2018

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  • Rigidifying the membrane structure through dopamine polymerization and covalent bonding while preserving sub-nanochannels.

    • Main Results:

    • Achieved controllable interlayer spacing down to 5.9 Å in the dry state.
    • Demonstrated selective sieving of hydrated rubidium (Rb+) and potassium (K+) ions with a separation factor of 5,320.
    • Exhibited high water permeance (67.9 L m⁻² h⁻¹ bar⁻¹) and continuous freshwater production for 30 days, significantly outperforming conventional membranes.

    Conclusions:

    • Polydopamine-pillared composite GOMs offer a viable solution for creating tunable and robust membranes for precise ion separation.
    • The developed membranes show transformative potential for high-flux water purification and desalination applications.