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Bridging stimulus-responsive and dissipative peptide assemblies to build complex interactive biomaterials.

Maximilian Schuler1,2, Ayan Chatterjee1, David Y W Ng3

  • 1Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Mainz, Germany.

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Summary

Self-assembling peptides offer programmable biomaterials but often lack dynamic, life-like functions. This review explores stimulus-responsive and dissipative peptide assemblies for advanced bio-interfaces.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Supramolecular Chemistry
  • Chemical Biology

Background:

  • Self-assembling peptides are key building blocks for programmable biomaterials.
  • Living systems utilize stimulus-responsiveness and energy dissipation for dynamic regulation.
  • Current synthetic peptide assemblies often exhibit near-equilibrium behavior and limited biological compatibility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advances in stimulus-responsive and dissipative peptide assemblies.
  • To highlight distinct design principles and functional capabilities of these systems.
  • To outline strategies for developing interactive peptide biomaterials with life-like functions.

Main Methods:

  • Comparison of sequence-encoded and trigger-based strategies for peptide assembly.
  • Analysis of chemically fueled reaction networks for transient assembly.
  • Discussion of emerging strategies like bioorthogonality and cellular integration.

Main Results:

  • Stimulus-responsive assemblies offer tunable structures based on external triggers.
  • Dissipative assemblies utilize continuous energy input for dynamic, non-equilibrium behavior.
  • Bridging these approaches requires bioorthogonal chemistry and integration with cellular processes.

Conclusions:

  • Integrating stimulus-responsiveness and dissipation is crucial for creating advanced peptide biomaterials.
  • Future peptide biomaterials should aim for life-like functions through dynamic, interactive designs.
  • Emerging strategies promise to enhance the bio-compatibility and functionality of peptide assemblies.