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Artificial intelligence in urological education: a systematic review
Guanchen Liu1, Long Xu1, Jue Gong1
1Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
BMC Medical Education
|July 15, 2026
Summary
Artificial intelligence (AI) enhances urological education by improving learning efficiency and clinical skills for students. AI also supports teachers in material design and objective performance evaluation.
Area of Science:
- Medical Education
- Urology
- Artificial Intelligence
Background:
- Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly integrated into various educational sectors.
- Urological education stands to benefit significantly from AI applications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review the role and impact of AI in urological education.
- To explore AI's influence on both learners and educators in urology.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review following PRISMA 2020 guidelines.
- Searched PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases.
- Assessed study quality using MERSQI and outcomes via Kirkpatrick framework.
Main Results:
- 15 studies included, categorizing AI applications into direct educational interventions and supportive technologies.
- AI-driven hybrid models improved learning efficiency and theoretical scores for students.
- AI-powered simulations enhanced clinical skill acquisition, correlating with surgical potential.
- AI assisted educators with material development and provided objective performance evaluations.
- Machine learning and computer vision enabled precise recognition of surgical steps.
Conclusions:
- AI offers transformative potential for urological education, boosting learning efficiency, knowledge, and skills.
- AI serves as a valuable enabling technology for educators.
- Responsible and ethical implementation of AI in urological education is crucial.
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