Right‑DLPFC rTMS Transiently Modulates Risky Decision-Making and EEG Oscillatory Activity
Reza Kazemi1, Reza Rostami2, Maryam Majidinezhad3
1Faculty of Entrepreneurship, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Brain and Behavior
|July 16, 2026
Summary
High-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) over the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) temporarily impaired decision-making and altered brain activity. These findings suggest rTMS may modulate cognitive control, but require further investigation.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Cognitive Psychology
- Neuromodulation
Background:
- The right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) is implicated in cognitive control and risk aversion.
- Previous research indicates DLPFC inhibition increases risky decision-making.
- The effect of excitatory stimulation on decision-making remains unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of high-frequency (20 Hz) rTMS on the right DLPFC on decision-making performance.
- To examine associated electroencephalography (EEG) changes in healthy adults.
Main Methods:
- A within-subject, crossover design was used.
- Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) was applied over the right DLPFC.
- The Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) and EEG were administered at baseline, during stimulation, and post-stimulation.
Main Results:
- Active rTMS temporarily reduced advantageous card selections on the IGT.
- EEG showed a post-stimulation increase in beta-band power after active rTMS.
- No significant changes in frontal theta activity, theta/beta ratio, or frontal alpha asymmetry were observed.
Conclusions:
- High-frequency rTMS over the right DLPFC can transiently impair adaptive decision-making.
- Post-stimulation beta-band activity modulation suggests persistent neurophysiological changes.
- Findings are preliminary due to small sample size and require replication.
