Wetting-state-dependent desorption of molten Al droplets from striped SiC surfaces under vertical harmonic vibration

To mitigate interfacial adhesion between molten Al droplets and striped SiC substrates, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are performed following a four-stage calculation workflow. The simulation firstly undergoes structural relaxation to stabilize the substrate and solid Al block; the Al domain is then heated gradually until full melting. After placing the molten Al droplet onto patterned SiC and reaching steady static wetting equilibrium, vertical sinusoidal vibration is loaded onto the substrate through virtual springs with tunable amplitude, stiffness and frequency. We systematically investigate the static wetting adhesion and dynamic desorption behaviors of an Al droplet. The results show that the substrate microstructures control wetting states, and vibration can effectively reduce interfacial adhesion, with stronger reductions at higher frequency and an optimum when amplitude and stiffness increase synergistically. Distinct desorption mechanisms exist in Cassie, Wenzel, and Intermediate wetting states. This study clarifies how static microstructure and dynamic vibration jointly regulate adhesion, providing theoretical support for active control of high-temperature melt adhesion.