Bridging implementation science and policy change: a Global South perspective.

Area of Science:

• Health Services Research
• Implementation Science
• Health Policy Research

Background:

• Implementation science and health policy research share the goal of improving population health but have evolved separately.
• This separation contributes to a persistent 'know-do gap,' particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).
• Differences in timing, priorities, and language hinder collaboration between researchers and policymakers.

Purpose of the Study:

• To examine the interface between implementation science and health policy research.
• To analyze areas of convergence and divergence between the two disciplines.
• To propose integrated approaches connecting micro-level implementation with macro-level policy dynamics.

Main Methods:

• Narrative and conceptual review of literature from implementation science and health policy research.
• Analysis of disciplinary distinctions and their contribution to the know-do gap.
• Exploration of opportunities for integrated approaches, with a focus on LMICs.

Main Results:

• Disciplinary separation exacerbates the know-do gap, especially in LMICs due to fragmented systems and political factors.
• Differences in scope, actors, settings, and theoretical frameworks reinforce the divide.
• Integrated approaches are necessary to connect micro-level implementation with macro-level policy.

Conclusions:

• Bridging implementation science and policy research is essential for translating knowledge into effective health policies.
• Context-sensitive, multi-level frameworks and stakeholder engagement are key to overcoming the know-do gap.
• Integrated approaches can enhance the translation of research into sustainable health policies, particularly in LMICs.