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Related Concept Videos

Primary Lymphoid Organs01:16

Primary Lymphoid Organs

Primary lymphoid organs are pivotal in the formation, development, and maturation of lymphocytes, the white blood cells that serve as the backbone of our immune system. This crucial function underscores their fundamental role in maintaining our overall health and immunity. The two primary lymphoid organs of prime importance are the red bone marrow and the thymus.
The red bone marrow is a soft, spongy tissue nestled in the interior of long bones such as the humerus and femur. It is the site...
Lymphoid Cells and Tissues01:18

Lymphoid Cells and Tissues

Lymphoid cells and tissues are integral to the immune system, which is crucial in maintaining our body's defense against harmful pathogens. They form the building blocks of lymphoid organs, which include the spleen, thymus, and lymph nodes.
Lymphoid cells consist of various types of immune system cells. These include B and T lymphocytes, which are responsible for producing antibodies and killing infected cells, respectively. Dendritic cells act as messengers between the innate and adaptive...
Secondary Lymphoid Organs01:15

Secondary Lymphoid Organs

Secondary organs, including lymph nodes, the spleen, and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT), work harmoniously to protect us from disease and infection.
The spleen is a vital organ in the lymphatic system, nestled in the upper left side of the abdomen. It is composed of two primary regions: the red pulp and the white pulp, each having distinct functions. The red pulp performs a significant role in blood filtration. It efficiently purges the blood of old or damaged red blood cells and...
Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology01:24

Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology

Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the production of thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSI) that activate TSH receptors, leading to excessive synthesis and release of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) and resulting in hyperthyroidism.Among all causes of hyperthyroidism, Graves’ disease is the most common and can happen at any age, though it is more frequent in women. It produces a hypermetabolic state with features such as weight loss, tachycardia, tremor, and heat...
Graves' Disease I: Introduction01:28

Graves' Disease I: Introduction

Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder that causes hyperthyroidism, or overactivity of the thyroid gland. It results from autoantibodies called thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSIs), which bind to thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptors, leading to overstimulation of hormone production and a hypermetabolic state.EtiologyAlthough considered idiopathic, Graves’ disease has well-established contributing factors. There is a strong genetic component, with increased prevalence in...
Lymphatic Vessels and Lymph Transport01:16

Lymphatic Vessels and Lymph Transport

Lymphatic vessels, known as lymphatics, are crucial in transporting lymph from peripheral tissues to our venous system. This process begins with lymph entering through tiny capillaries that branch through tissues. These capillaries have unique features such as larger diameters, thinner walls, and a distinctive one-way valve system formed by overlapping endothelial cells.
This one-way system allows fluids, solutes, and even pathogens to enter but prevents their return to the intercellular spaces.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Flow-sorting and Exome Sequencing of the Reed-Sternberg Cells of Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma
08:53

Flow-sorting and Exome Sequencing of the Reed-Sternberg Cells of Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma

Published on: June 10, 2017

Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma Today.

Francesco D'Alò1,2, Gabriele Schiaffini1,2, Daniele Mazzoni1

  • 1Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Dipartimento di Scienze radiologiche ed ematologiche, Roma, Italy.

Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases
|July 16, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma is highly curable, especially in young adults. Advances focus on personalized treatment using PET scans and novel agents like brentuximab vedotin and checkpoint inhibitors to improve outcomes and reduce toxicity.

Keywords:
Hodgkin lymphomaTreatment

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Wild-type Blocking PCR Combined with Sanger Sequencing for Detection of Low-frequency Somatic Mutation
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Wild-type Blocking PCR Combined with Sanger Sequencing for Detection of Low-frequency Somatic Mutation

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Last Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Flow-sorting and Exome Sequencing of the Reed-Sternberg Cells of Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma
08:53

Flow-sorting and Exome Sequencing of the Reed-Sternberg Cells of Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma

Published on: June 10, 2017

Wild-type Blocking PCR Combined with Sanger Sequencing for Detection of Low-frequency Somatic Mutation
07:17

Wild-type Blocking PCR Combined with Sanger Sequencing for Detection of Low-frequency Somatic Mutation

Published on: August 23, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Oncology
  • Clinical Research

Background:

  • Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma (cHL) is a curable cancer, particularly in young adults.
  • Treatment advances aim to enhance efficacy while minimizing long-term toxicities like infertility and secondary cancers.
  • Personalized treatment strategies are guided by pretreatment prognostic stratification and interim PET response.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current treatment strategies for Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma.
  • To highlight advancements in managing early-stage and advanced-stage disease.
  • To discuss novel therapeutic approaches for relapsed/refractory disease.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current clinical guidelines and recent research findings.
  • Analysis of treatment outcomes with standard therapies and novel agents.
  • Exploration of investigational therapies including CAR-T cells and bispecific antibodies.

Main Results:

  • Polychemotherapy with radiotherapy is standard for early-stage cHL.
  • Polychemotherapy, brentuximab vedotin, and checkpoint inhibitors are mainstays for advanced-stage cHL.
  • Novel agents like brentuximab vedotin and checkpoint inhibitors improve outcomes in relapsed/refractory disease, including prior to or post-autologous stem cell transplantation.

Conclusions:

  • Personalized treatment strategies incorporating prognostic factors and interim PET response are crucial.
  • Brentuximab vedotin and checkpoint inhibitors have significantly improved outcomes in advanced and relapsed/refractory cHL.
  • Ongoing research into novel therapies like CAR-T cells and bispecific antibodies offers hope for patients with refractory disease.