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Myelin Alteration in Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Integrating Clinical and Preclinical Evidence
Justyna Lubińska1, Maya Śliwa2, Małgorzata Filip2
1Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland.
Current Neuropharmacology
|July 16, 2026
Summary
Myelination, crucial for brain development and function, is impaired in neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). Myelin-related pathways offer a potential therapeutic target for conditions like autism and ADHD.
Area of Science:
- Neurobiology
- Developmental Neuroscience
Background:
- Myelination is vital for efficient neural signal transmission and brain development.
- Disruptions in myelin formation or maintenance are linked to increased vulnerability during critical developmental periods.
- Impaired myelination and oligodendrocyte dysfunction are implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs).
Purpose of the Study:
- To review and synthesize current knowledge on the role of myelin-related changes in the pathophysiology of NDDs.
- To integrate findings from both animal models and human research on myelin and NDDs.
Main Methods:
- Literature review synthesizing existing research.
- Integration of findings from animal models and human studies.
Main Results:
- Myelin-related changes are implicated in the pathophysiology of various NDDs, including Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD), intellectual developmental disorders, and communication, motor, and specific learning disorders.
- Evidence suggests myelin-related pathways are a common vulnerability across these disorders.
Conclusions:
- Myelin-related pathways represent a shared vulnerability in the development of NDDs.
- Targeting myelin-related pathways may offer a potential therapeutic strategy for NDDs.
