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Resilience and Its Determinants Among Adolescents and Young Adults with Perinatally Acquired HIV Enrolled in a

Anita Shet1, Michael Raj2, Siddha Sannigrahi3

  • 1Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA. ashet1@jhu.edu.

AIDS and Behavior
|July 16, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Adolescents and young adults with perinatally acquired HIV (APHIV) showed high resilience and viral suppression in a peer-led program. Key challenges impacting resilience included parental loss, school dropout, and clinic communication barriers.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Adolescent Health
  • HIV Research

Background:

  • Adolescents and young adults with perinatally acquired HIV (APHIV) face unique challenges impacting resilience and treatment adherence.
  • Peer-led interventions show promise for improving outcomes in this population, but evidence from South Asia is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate resilience and its correlates among APHIV participating in the I'mPossible Fellowship, a peer-led mentorship program in India.
  • To identify factors associated with low resilience in APHIV to inform targeted interventions.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional evaluation of 216 APHIV who completed a 24-month fellowship in southern India.
  • Surveys assessed sociodemographic, educational, and clinical characteristics; resilience was measured using the Child and Youth Resilience Measure-Revised (CYRM-R).
  • Multivariable logistic regression identified correlates of low resilience (CYRM-R score ≤ 33rd percentile).

Main Results:

  • Participants had a median age of 18.7 years, with 50% orphaned and 43% in childcare institutions.
  • High median resilience scores (74) and viral suppression (91%) were observed.
  • Independent correlates of low resilience included loss of both parents, school discontinuation, and communication barriers at HIV clinics.

Conclusions:

  • APHIV in this peer-led mentorship program demonstrated significant resilience and high rates of viral suppression.
  • Loss of parents, educational disruption, and communication issues in healthcare settings are critical vulnerabilities.
  • Findings can guide the development of targeted interventions to support resilient outcomes for APHIV facing adversity.

Keywords:
Adolescents and young adultsCommunity-based participatory researchPeer mentorshipPerinatally-acquired HIVResilience

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