From learning to enjoyment: Virtual reality walking experiences for older adults in long-term care

Virtual reality (VR) technologies are increasingly being explored in long-term care (LTC) settings as tools to promote engagement and well-being among older adults, including those with cognitive impairments. However, the usability and accessibility of such technologies remain some critical concerns. This study aimed to examine how older adults in Slovenia adapted to using VR equipment for virtual walking experiences, focusing on their ability to operate the technology and their subjective evaluation of the experience.

The study involved 31 older adults from two LTC homes in Slovenia who participated in virtual walking sessions using Google Street View, accessed through VR glasses and controlled via a joystick. Researchers observed participants' ability to use the equipment, assessed their cognitive and general health, and collected feedback on their experience via a structured questionnaire.

Unlike prior studies that focus on VR exposure, our study quantifies learning time and links it to cognitive profiles, proposing a framework for adaptive VR interventions. The results showed that cognitive abilities significantly influenced how quickly participants could navigate the virtual environment, with those possessing higher cognitive abilities adapting more quickly. Although some participants found the navigation challenging, particularly those with dementia, this did not affect their overall enjoyment. Nearly all participants (97%) rated the experience as pleasant, and 74% expressed a desire to repeat it.

The study highlights the strong potential of VR to enhance residents' well-being in LTC homes. However, to ensure accessibility and maximise benefits, varying levels of support and customised technological solutions should be provided based on each resident's health status and cognitive abilities.