Ripple effects of a patient & health-system partnered engagement project: a co-developed protocol

Engaging knowledge users, including patient partners and health-system partners, in embedded health services research is increasingly recognized as essential for strengthening the relevance of research and improving the quality and equity of health services and is foundational to the success of team science. Existing engagement frameworks, however, often capture experiences at single time points and do not fully reflect relational dimensions over time such as trust, reciprocity, shared decision-making, and equity which can impact the outputs and outcomes of partnered research. There remains limited evidence describing how engagement unfolds or what conditions support or hinder meaningful, equitable partnerships in research. This study will address this gap by examining the ripple effects of a long-standing researcher-knowledge user partnership and identifying the relational and structural factors that sustain it.

This qualitative, participatory study will be guided by critical patient-oriented research (cPOR), an approach that centres equity, shares power, and structurally situates lived/living experiences throughout the research process. In alignment with cPOR principles, patient partners and health-system partners are co-researchers across all stages of the study from inception through to development of data collection tools and will partner in analysis and interpretation. The study will be conducted within the Lung Health Equity Advisory Committee, a partnership co-established to address inequities in lung health, where patient partners, clinicians, policymakers, program implementers, and researchers have worked together since 2020. Data collection will be informed by patient engagement tools, such as the Engaging with Purpose Patient Engagement Framework, to assess experiences across five pillars: Co-Build, Support, Mutual Respect, Inclusiveness, and Impact, using document analysis and annual surveys. Analysis will be guided by the theoretical concept of ripple effects, to explore how engagement processes, outputs, and outcomes accumulate and influence subsequent phases of work. Data will be analysed using combined deductive-inductive content analysis, with triangulation across all data sources. Preliminary findings will be synthesized with partners through Ripple Effects Mapping (REM), a participatory approach that supports collective interpretation, visualization of impact pathways, and opportunities for continuous improvement.

This study offers a novel approach to understanding the experiences and impact of long-standing research-knowledge user partnerships that are not bound by a specific project or timeline. By exploring this relational approach to engagement, we will generate nuanced insights into how knowledge-user engagement is built, experienced, and adapted over time within an equity-oriented partnership. The exploration of ripple effects is expected to strengthen real-time learning and partnership dynamics while offering a transferable model for other research teams seeking to embed iterative, partner-guided improvement into engagement practices that are sustained over time.