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Published on: September 6, 2024
Self-Efficacy Intervention Combined With Staged Rehabilitation Training Improves Neurological Function, Motor
1Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 606000 Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
Aim:
This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of self-efficacy intervention combined with staged rehabilitation training on neurological function, motor performance, psychological status, and mid-term prognosis in patients after traumatic brain injury (TBI) surgery.
Methods:
This retrospective cohort study recruited 162 TBI patients who underwent surgical treatment between January 2022 and January 2025. Patients were divided into the observation group (n = 75, routine care + self-efficacy intervention + staged rehabilitation training) and the control group (n = 87, routine care only). The primary outcome was a favourable prognosis (Glasgow Outcome Scale [GOS] scores 4-5) at 6-month follow-up. Secondary outcomes included changes in National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA), General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES), Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), Barthel Index (BI), 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) scores, and postoperative complication rates.
Results:
Baseline characteristics were comparable between groups (p > 0.05). Post-intervention, the observation group showed significantly lower NIHSS scores (17.57 ± 4.19 vs. 20.14 ± 4.95, p < 0.001) and higher FMA scores for upper (49.84 ± 3.26 vs. 44.57 ± 3.55) and lower limbs (25.84 ± 2.74 vs. 22.68 ± 2.49) than the control group (p < 0.001). The observation group also had higher GSES (31.16 ± 2.83 vs. 26.57 ± 3.19) and BI scores (44.59 ± 4.81 vs. 39.94 ± 4.37), lower SAS (43.61 ± 7.17 vs. 46.34 ± 6.94) and SDS scores (42.17 ± 4.20 vs. 44.25 ± 4.74), and superior SF-36 subscale scores (p < 0.001). The incidence of postoperative complications was lower in the observation group (6.67% vs. 18.39%, p = 0.027). The proportion of favourable prognosis was higher in the observation group (74.67% vs. 56.32%, p = 0.015), and the combined intervention was an independent predictor of favourable outcome (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.09, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05-4.16, p = 0.035).
Conclusions:
Self-efficacy intervention combined with staged rehabilitation training effectively improves neurological function, motor recovery, psychological well-being, daily living ability, and mid-term prognosis, while reducing complications in patients after TBI surgery, representing a valuable clinical rehabilitation strategy.
