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Updated: Aug 6, 2026

Purification of Viral DNA for the Identification of Associated Viral and Cellular Proteins
Published on: August 31, 2017
HSV-1 hijacks the DNA repair protein RAD51 at gene promoters to drive viral transcription
Namrata Kumar1,2, Laura E M Dunn3, Tanner M Tessier1,2
1Division of Protective Immunity, and Division of Cancer Pathobiology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Abstract:
Productive infection by Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 (HSV-1) requires initiation of efficient viral gene expression. Upon nuclear entry, HSV-1 genomes are associated with several cellular factors, including DNA repair proteins. It is unclear how these cellular factors impact viral processes at early stages of infection. In this study, we investigate the role of RAD51, a core homologous recombination (HR) factor. We measured nascent viral transcription and show that RAD51 plays a pro-viral role in infection by promoting immediate-early viral gene expression. We demonstrate that RAD51 binds GC-rich gene promoter of ICP4 and directly promotes gene expression. We also reveal a previously unknown interaction between RAD51 and ADNP, a subunit of the ChAHP complex, known for its role in transcription regulation. We propose a model where RAD51 binds incoming genomes at promoter regions regulating the genome landscape and allowing for efficient transcription initiation.
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