Successful Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Primary Esophageal Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma

Area of Science:

• Gastroenterology
• Oncology
• Pathology

Background:

• Primary esophageal extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT lymphoma) is exceptionally rare.
• Optimal management strategies for esophageal MALT lymphoma remain undefined.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report a case of primary esophageal MALT lymphoma successfully treated with endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD).
• To evaluate ESD as a potential diagnostic and therapeutic tool for this rare condition.

Main Methods:

• A 70-year-old woman with an incidentally detected esophageal lesion underwent diagnostic workup.
• Endoscopic biopsy was inconclusive; therefore, endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) was performed for definitive diagnosis and treatment.
• Histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses confirmed the diagnosis of primary esophageal MALT lymphoma.

Main Results:

• Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) achieved complete resection of the esophageal lesion.
• The patient achieved complete remission and remained disease-free for 3 years post-procedure without further treatment.
• Histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of primary esophageal MALT lymphoma.

Conclusions:

• Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) can be a viable option for both diagnosis and curative treatment of primary esophageal MALT lymphoma.
• This case highlights the potential of minimally invasive endoscopic techniques for managing rare esophageal malignancies.