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Role of long non-coding RNA HCG11 in human cancers: From molecular mechanisms to clinical applications (Review)
Qiong-Feng Tan1, Bo Chen2, Hai-Feng Hu3
1Department of General Surgery, The Second People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443000, P.R. China.
Abstract:
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are transcripts >200 nucleotides in length that have no protein-coding potential and are important regulators of tumor development. Among them, HLA complex group 11 (HCG11) is a newly discovered lncRNA encoded by a gene located on chromosome 6p22.2, which consists of one exon. In recent years, interest in target molecules has increased because of their dysregulated expression in a number of cancers and their notable association with clinicopathological variables. Growing evidence has indicated that HCG11 is involved in tumor development mainly through interactions with target proteins, the sequestration of microRNAs and the participation of the MAPK, PI3K/AKT and Notch/hairy and enhancer of split-1 pathways. Together, the molecular mechanisms involved in the malignant tumor phenotype include proliferation, invasion, migration, apoptosis, cell cycle, drug resistance and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. The expression of HCG11 is closely related to tumor grade, differentiation, TNM stage, lymph node metastasis and prognosis. The present review provides an overview of the abnormal expression pattern, molecular mechanism and clinical relevance of HCG11 in malignant tumors. HCG11 has potential for use as a diagnostic biomarker and a therapeutic target for cancer treatment.
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