Psychosocial Experiences of Omani Parents of Children and Adolescents Diagnosed with Cancer: A Qualitative Study

To explore the psychosocial experiences of Omani parents of children and adolescents diagnosed with cancer, with emphasis on emotional, cultural, and caregiving dimensions.

A phenomenological qualitative study was conducted from December 2022 to June 2023 at two referral oncology and hematology centers in Muscat, Oman. Twenty Omani parents were interviewed using semi-structured guides. Interviews were conducted in Arabic, transcribed, translated to English, and subjected to framework analysis using NVivo-14 software.

The study identified three main themes: (1) emotional and mental impact of cancer diagnosis; (2) living with a child's illness; and (3) cultural beliefs and attitudes surrounding cancer. Parents described profound and varied emotional distress, including trauma, shock, denial, sorrow, uncertainty, and ongoing worry and fear for their children's well-being, particularly in the early post-diagnosis period. The diagnosis disrupted family routine, especially for mothers, and contributed to social isolation and financial strain. Some parents concealed their distress to protect their children; others felt that their marital bonds had strengthened by sharing. Also revealed were the cultural stigma, beliefs, and practices associated with cancer. Coping strategies included trust in healthcare professionals, religious and spiritual practices, and social support.

Omani parents of children and adolescents diagnosed with cancer undertake a complex psychosocial journey characterized by emotional turmoil, sociocultural pressures, and caregiving and financial challenges. We recommend collaborative efforts among healthcare systems, policymakers, and community stakeholders to provide culturally sensitive psychosocial support for affected families.