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A Novel Method to Determine the Longitudinal Antibacterial Activity of Drug-Eluting Materials
Published on: March 3, 2023
Remote loading of antibacterial drug vancomycin into albumin nanoparticles via ammonium sulfate gradient for
Naveed Ullah Khan1, Asmat Ullah2, Zaheer Ullah Khan3
1Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310012, China.
Abstract:
Postoperative wound infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria such as Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) remain a significant clinical challenge due to biofilm formation, limited bactericidal efficiency, and poor drug penetration at surgical sites. Here, we developed albumin-templated vancomycin (Van) nanoparticles (Van@Alb NPs) as a topical therapeutic strategy to overcome these limitations. The Van@Alb NPs were synthesized through a biomimetic mineralization process using albumin as a nanoreactor for precipitating Van within albumin nanocavity via ammonium sulphate gradient. Physicochemical characterizations showed successful formulation Van@Alb NPs with a hydrodynamic particles size of ∼96 nm and uniform morphology, enhanced stability and sustained drug release kinetics. In vitro results proved enhanced antibacterial efficiency, compatibility, and wound healing ability. Notably, Van@Alb NPs accelerated wound healing, with ⁓90% closure by day 15, while avoiding systemic toxicity (no elevation in serum creatinine or liver enzymes). Histopathological analysis confirmed biocompatibility, with no tissue damage or delayed regeneration. These findings highlight Van@Alb NPs as a promising nanotherapy for postoperative infections, combining enhanced antibacterial action with healing effects. This study is promising for next generation wound infection treatments that address both microbial resistance and tissue regeneration.
Insights
Novel albumin-templated vancomycin nanoparticles effectively treat antibiotic-resistant infections and promote wound healing. This topical nanotherapy offers a promising solution for challenging postoperative wound infections.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Nanotechnology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Postoperative wound infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria like Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) pose significant clinical challenges.
- Biofilm formation, reduced drug efficacy, and poor penetration limit current treatments for surgical site infections.
- Developing effective topical therapies is crucial for managing these resistant infections.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop albumin-templated vancomycin nanoparticles (Van@Alb NPs) for topical treatment of MRSA-infected wounds.
- To evaluate the physicochemical properties, antibacterial efficacy, and wound healing capabilities of Van@Alb NPs.
- To assess the biocompatibility and systemic toxicity of the developed nanotherapy.
Main Methods:
- Albumin-templated vancomycin nanoparticles (Van@Alb NPs) were synthesized using a biomimetic mineralization process.
- Physicochemical characterization included particle size, morphology, stability, and drug release kinetics.
- In vitro antibacterial assays, biocompatibility tests, and in vivo wound healing models were employed.
Main Results:
- Van@Alb NPs were successfully formulated with a hydrodynamic size of ~96 nm and uniform morphology.
- The nanoparticles demonstrated enhanced stability, sustained drug release, and improved antibacterial efficiency against MRSA.
- Accelerated wound closure (~90% by day 15) was observed with Van@Alb NPs, alongside confirmed biocompatibility and no systemic toxicity.
Conclusions:
- Albumin-templated vancomycin nanoparticles represent a promising topical nanotherapy for combating antibiotic-resistant postoperative wound infections.
- Van@Alb NPs effectively combine enhanced antibacterial action with wound healing promotion.
- This nanotherapy holds potential for next-generation treatments addressing microbial resistance and tissue regeneration in wound care.
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