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Serological, biochemical and structural properties of three bovine picornaviruses
Abstract:
Three viral agents isolated from nasal exudate of Illinois cattle affected with respiratory disease were studied. The agents were classified as picornaviruses on the basis of their resistance to ether, stability at pH 3.0, and morphological characteristics. Magnesium chloride at 1 M concentration protected the viruses from reduction of infectivity by exposure to 50 degrees C for one and two hours. None of the viruses was pathogenic for mice. Replication of one of the viruses was not affected by the DNA inhibitor, 5 fluorodeoxyuridine. That two of the agents were closely related serologically was demonstrated by serum neutralization tests. As revealed by electron microscopy, viral particles were spherical or hexagonal and ranged in size from 280 A to 290 A.
Insights
Three novel picornaviruses were identified in cattle with respiratory disease. These bovine respiratory viruses showed resistance to environmental stressors and were not pathogenic in mice, suggesting unique characteristics for further study.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Virology
- Animal Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is a significant concern in cattle health.
- Viral agents are primary pathogens contributing to BRD outbreaks.
Purpose of the Study:
- To isolate and characterize novel viral agents from cattle with respiratory disease.
- To classify the identified viruses and assess their basic biological properties.
Main Methods:
- Isolation of viral agents from nasal exudate.
- Classification using ether resistance, pH stability, and electron microscopy.
- Infectivity assays, including protection studies with magnesium chloride and DNA inhibitor tests.
- Serological relatedness determined by serum neutralization tests.
Main Results:
- Three viral agents were isolated and classified as picornaviruses.
- Viruses were protected by magnesium chloride from heat inactivation.
- No pathogenicity was observed in mice.
- One virus's replication was unaffected by 5-fluorodeoxyuridine.
- Two agents showed close serological relationship.
Conclusions:
- The identified agents represent novel picornaviruses associated with bovine respiratory disease.
- These viruses possess unique stability and biological characteristics.
- Further research is warranted to understand their role in cattle respiratory illness.