Dynamics of Dentate Gyrus Place Cells and Dentate Spikes during Spatial and Nonspatial Changes in Environments

The dentate gyrus (DG) is thought to play a key role in the formation of dissociable memory representations for similar contexts. Neurons in the DG receive highly processed spatial and nonspatial sensory information from the medial and lateral entorhinal cortices, respectively. Changes in spatially tuned firing patterns of DG place cells occur after spatial changes to an environment, but the degree to which DG place cells respond to ethologically relevant nonspatial stimuli is largely unknown. Spatial and nonspatial information is thought to be transmitted to the DG during discrete local field potential events called dentate spikes. Here, we tested the extent to which different spatial and nonspatial stimuli modulate place cell firing patterns and dentate spike dynamics. We performed extracellular recordings of DG place cells and local field potentials in rats of both sexes exploring a familiar spatial environment, in which social stimuli and nonsocial odors of varying ethological relevance were presented, and a novel spatial environment. As expected, DG place cells exhibited different firing patterns between familiar and novel environments. Significant changes in firing were not observed, however, with any of the nonspatial stimuli. Surprisingly, the occurrence of dentate spikes associated with lateral entorhinal cortex input increased during exploration of ethologically relevant stimuli, and this increase was greater for social stimuli. Altogether, these results suggest that the DG preferentially responds to social stimuli at the network level, providing novel insights into how spatial and nonspatial information is processed in the DG.