Production of Wheat Doubled Haploids through Intergeneric Hybridization with Maize

Chromosome elimination resulting in haploids is achieved by the rapid loss of chromosomes from one parent during the zygote stage and is an important procedure to produce doubled haploid (DH) lines in plants. Particularly in distant hybridization systems like "wheat × maize," the complete elimination of maize chromosomes can result in wheat haploid embryos. Through embryo rescue and chromosome doubling treatments, pure lines with stable traits can be rapidly obtained. The main operational steps for maize pollen-induced wheat DH technology include planting wheat and maize, emasculating wheat, collecting and pollinating with maize pollen, hormone treatment, embryo rescue, doubling treatment, and harvesting individual plants. The integration of modern biotechnology tools, such as molecular marker-assisted selection, gene editing, induced mutagenesis, transgenics, and genomic selection with this technology will further shorten breeding cycles, enhance selection accuracy, and significantly improve the efficiency of genetic improvement in wheat.