Chromosome-level genome assembly of the sawfly Nematus trochanteratus

Nematus trochanteratus (Malaise, 1931) (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) is a monophagous herbivorous pest that exclusively attacks willow trees (Salix spp.), and exerts significant ecological and economic impacts on forest and garden ecosystems. To date, no high-quality reference genome has been reported for this species, restricting research on its genetic evolution and gene function. In this study, we generated a high-quality chromosome-level genome assembly of N. trochanteratus by integrating PacBio HiFi long-read sequencing, Illumina short-read sequencing, and Hi-C chromatin conformation capture data. The final assembled genome size is 188.07 Mb, with a scaffold N50 of 23.87 Mb, and 9 pseudo-chromosomes were successfully constructed. Using insect universal single-copy orthologs (BUSCO), we estimated the genome completeness at 97.2%. A total of 11,540 protein-coding genes, repetitive sequences accounting for 21.74% of the genome, and diverse non-coding RNA genes were identified by systematic annotation. This genome provides a valuable resource for phylogenetic and functional genomic studies of hymenopteran sawflies.