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Published on: August 13, 2019
BMP-2 in oral-maxillofacial bone augmentation: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Guangzheng Yang1,2,3,4,5,6, Yuxuan Xia1,2,3,4,5,6, Wentao Shi7
1Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 639 Zhizaoju Rd., Shanghai, 200011, China.
BMC Oral Health
|July 18, 2026
Summary
Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) shows modest improvements in alveolar bone width for oral augmentation but doesn't significantly increase new bone or reduce graft material. Its use in alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) appears beneficial in specific cases.
Area of Science:
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
- Regenerative Medicine
- Biomaterials Science
Background:
- Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) is extensively used in oral and maxillofacial bone augmentation.
- Evaluating the efficacy and safety of BMP-2 in these procedures is crucial for clinical practice.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of BMP-2 in oral and maxillofacial bone augmentation.
- To analyze outcomes from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) focusing on alveolar ridge preservation (ARP), alveolar bone augmentation, and maxillary sinus floor elevation.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of 23 RCTs involving 990 participants.
- Primary outcomes included bone width/height changes, new bone formation, graft resorption, implant survival, and marginal bone level (MBL).
- Risk of bias assessed using Cochrane risk-of-bias 2 tool; data analyzed using RevMan 5.4.1 and STATA 12.0.
Main Results:
- BMP-2 significantly increased alveolar ridge width at the apical region but did not significantly enhance new bone formation or reduce residual graft material.
- Subgroup analyses indicated variable performance based on surgical procedures and carriers.
- No significant differences were observed in implant survival, MBL, or adverse event incidence; most studies had moderate to high risk of bias.
Conclusions:
- BMP-2 shows modest benefits for alveolar bone width in ARP, but evidence is limited by substantial heterogeneity and risk of bias in RCTs.
- No significant improvements in new bone formation, implant survival, or adverse event rates were found.
- Selective use of BMP-2 is recommended, considering cost, defect characteristics, and clinical benefits.
