Multiomics characterization of Tilia and Actinidia arguta bee pollen

Tilia bee pollen and Actinidia arguta bee pollen are high-quality specialty bee pollen from the Changbai Mountain region in Northeast China. Ultrafast proteomics was combined with UPLC-MS/MS metabolomics in the present work to identify 4,216 proteins and 2,197 metabolites. Phenolamides within bee pollen include mainly putrescine and spermidine derivatives. As suggested by in vitro antioxidant experiments, the bee pollen-derived total phenolamides, N-p-coumaroyltyramine and N¹,N⁵,N¹⁰-tri-p-coumaroylspermidine showed remarkable DPPH and ABTS⁺ radical scavenging abilities. The above results lay the theoretical basis and provide relevant data for developing bee pollen-based functional products.