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[Analysis of Spatio-temporal Evolution and Driving Forces of Ecological Environment Quality in the North China Plain
Ze-Feng Wei1,2, Yun-Lan Guan1,2,3, Shu-Ting Wang1
1School of Surveying and Geoinformation Engineering, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China.
Abstract:
Studying the dynamic changes and driving mechanisms of ecological environment quality in the North China Plain is of great significance for regional ecosystem protection and sustainable development. This study introduced an improved remote-sensing-based ecological index （IRSEI） by integrating the kernel normalized difference vegetation index （kNDVI） and aridity index （AI） and calculated the IRSEI for the North China Plain from 2000 to 2022. The Theil Sen & Mann-Kendall trend analysis method and optimal multivariate-stratification geographical detector（OMGD） were employed to investigate the spatiotemporal evolution and driving factors of ecological quality. The results show that： ① Compared with the traditional RSEI， IRSEI significantly improved the assessment performance in the region （r=0.75， R2=0.57）. ② Over the past 23 years， the ecological environment quality of the North China Plain experienced a steady improvement， with the mean IRSEI increasing from 0.40 to 0.50， exhibiting staged variations. The spatial distribution of IRSEI was characterized by a pattern of higher values in the south and lower in the north， in which degraded and improved areas and areas with no significant change accounted for 30.25%， 63.63%， and 6.12%， respectively. ③ Soil moisture （Soil）， average temperature （Tavge）， and nighttime light （Nightl） were the primary driving factors of spatial heterogeneity in ecological quality （q values of 0.275 9， 0.242 7， and 0.208 0， respectively）； the interactive and combined effects of Soil-Nightl were significant （q values of 0.396 9 and 0.398 1， respectively）； and the combination of Soil-Nightl-DEM exhibited the highest explanatory power （q value of 0.424 9）. The research findings uncovered the spatiotemporal evolution and driving factors of ecological environmental quality in the North China Plain， which can provide a scientific basis for environmental policies， land planning， and sustainable development.