Na⁺ Doping Modulates Electrochemical Behaviors of Cathode Materials in Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries

With the development of the industry, traditional lithium-ion battery (LIB) technology is constantly improving, and new technologies are constantly breaking through, consolidating its dominant position in energy storage systems. However, the high manufacturing cost and inherent risks of organic electrolytes severely hinder the commercialization of LIBs. Therefore, developing low-cost and high-safety battery energy storage systems has become an urgent societal task. Research has shown that aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) using high-safety and eco-friendly aqueous electrolytes effectively reduce the risk. In this work, a facile one-step hydrothermal approach was applied to prepare nanoflower-structured Na-NH₄V₄O₁₀ cathode materials. This material exhibited a specific capacity of 619.22 mAh g^-1 at a current density of 0.1 A g^-1, along with a capacity of 128.84 mAh g^-1 when the current density rose to 5 A g^-1. Meanwhile, a specific capacity of 245.63 mAh g^-1 was still retained even after 800 cycles at 1 A g^-1. This research provides valuable insights into the fabrication of cathode materials targeted at AZIBs in subsequent studies.