Flexible bamboo fiber-supported Ti₃C₂T_x-NH₂/NiCo_xS electrodes with solar-thermal enhanced capacitance performance

A stepwise construction strategy was adopted to immobilize amino-functionalized Ti₃C₂T_x-NH₂ onto a bamboo fiber (BF) substrate and to grow NiCo_xS nanosheets in situ through an electrodeposition process for modification. This approach allowed fabrication of a bamboo-based solar-thermal-driven flexible electrode, achieving simultaneous enhancements in mechanical strength and electrochemical performance. The flexible electrode shows outstanding electrochemical performance, with a specific capacitance as high as 313.17 F/g in a 2 M NaCl electrolyte at a current density of 0.5 A/g. The assembled symmetric supercapacitor exhibits a specific capacitance of 105.45 F/g at the same current density, along with excellent cycling stability (91.08% retention after 5000 cycles). At an energy density of 14.65 Wh/kg, the power density reaches 250 W/kg. The unique photothermal effect enables a 38% performance improvement under 1 kW/m² solar radiation. The results provide a new approach for developing high-performance, self-adaptive, biomass-based, energy storage devices.