Bubble-driven Co(OH)₂@MnO₂ conical micromotors for sensitive detection and efficient degradation of resveratrol

Micro/nanomotors have demonstrated significant potential in environmental monitoring and water remediation owing to their enzyme-like catalytic properties and self-driven ability. Herein, we developed a conical Co(OH)₂@MnO₂ micromotor through an integrated oil bath-hydrothermal synthesis strategy. The micromotors feature MnO₂ nanosheets arranged in a two-dimensional cross-array architecture on their microconical surfaces, which effectively catalyze H₂O₂ decomposition to produce oxygen bubbles, enabling robust self-propulsion. The speed of the micromotor can reach 138.59 ± 2.03 μm/s in7 wt% H₂O₂ solution. The combination of excellent enzyme-like activity and self-driven ability of micromotor constructs a dynamic sensitive detection platform for resveratrol (RES, 3,4',5-trihydroxystilbene), a potential pollutant in water, with a low concentration detection limit of 0.23 μM. In addition, hydrogen peroxide and peroxymonosulfate (PMS) were used as catalytic substrates to catalyze the micromotor to generate various reactive oxygen species (ROS), thus achieving efficient synergistic degradation of resveratrol. Under neutral pH conditions, the degradation rate of resveratrol by the micromotors was 91.6% within 40 min. This study provides an intelligent strategy for developing dynamic sensors with the dual functions of detecting and degrading RES simultaneously.