Correlation Between Obesity and Lipid Profile in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Hypothyroidism

Insufficient physical activity, poor dietary practices, escalating stress levels, and environmental factors are all contributors to the swift rise in obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and hypothyroidism worldwide. This study aimed to assess the effects of obesity on lipid profiles, glycemic control, and thyroid function in individuals with T2DM and hypothyroidism. The study included 154 participants: 100 T2DM patients with hypothyroidism and 54 healthy controls. Anthropometric measurements were collected, and biochemical tests, including fasting blood glucose (FBG), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), lipid profiles, and thyroid hormone levels; thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4), and free triiodothyronine (FT3) were performed. The groups differed significantly (p < 0.05) in age, body mass index (BMI), FBG, HbA1c, TSH, FT3, total cholesterol, and triglycerides. Compared to patients without obesity and controls, diabetic patients with obesity showed higher levels of FBG, HbA1c, cholesterol, triglycerides, and more notable changes in thyroid hormones. Age, FBG, HbA1c, and total cholesterol were found to be significant predictors of obesity by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. The results demonstrate that people suffering from coexisting diabetes, hypothyroidism, and obesity present compromised glycemic control, lipid profile alterations, and thyroid dysfunction. This identifies a metabolic assessment as a primary tool in the management of obese diabetics.