Navigating the national rollout: examining Primary Care Network link workers and the integration of local social...

Social prescribing (SP) is increasingly recognised as a key component of primary care, implemented in at least 25 countries by 2023. In England, SP has been nationally rolled out through Primary Care Networks (PCNs), though many areas, including Redbridge in East London, had pre-existing VCSE-led models. How national and local approaches integrate in practice remains underexplored.

This study used a two-step qualitative design. First, documentary analysis of service planning and evaluation documents mapped the SP referral pathway in Redbridge before and after the national rollout. Second, 16 semi-structured interviews were conducted with purposively sampled stakeholders from PCNs, RedbridgeCVS, the local authority, and the Clinical Commissioning Group, exploring service integration and delivery experiences. Data were analysed using the Framework Method, combining deductive coding against predefined themes with inductive identification of emergent categories.

RedbridgeCVS was widely valued for its expertise, especially in managing complex cases, training link workers, and facilitating access to local services. However, integration across PCNs was inconsistent. Participants reported variation in GP engagement, referral processes, and support structures. PCN link workers faced capacity pressures, unclear role boundaries, and limited access to clinical supervision, affecting the sustainability and coherence of service delivery.

Integrating national and local SP models requires clearer leadership, standardized referral pathways, and consistent support for link workers. Without greater alignment across primary care and VCSE partners, the full potential of SP risks being undermined. Link workers must be recognized and supported as core members of the primary care team.