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Updated: Aug 6, 2026
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Using Visual and Narrative Methods to Achieve Fair Process in Clinical Care
Published on: February 16, 2011
From Opinions to Outcomes: Optimizing Survey Methods and Principles Applicable to the Delphi Process in Critical Care
Deepa Ramadurai1, Vitaly Herasevich2, Scott Bolesta3
1Section of Pulmonary/Critical Care/Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL.
Critical Care Explorations
|July 21, 2026
Summary
This review offers a framework for high-quality survey research design, particularly for Delphi methods in critical care. Understanding survey principles enhances consensus-building in expert panel research.
Area of Science:
- Critical Care Medicine
- Health Services Research
- Methodology
Background:
- Survey research in critical care has grown significantly over 25 years.
- Delphi methods are increasingly used for consensus on complex conditions.
- Guidance for developing high-quality survey research is limited.
Purpose of the Study:
- To present a framework for rigorous survey research design.
- To highlight the applicability of survey principles within Delphi methods.
- To bridge the gap between survey research and Delphi process implementation.
Main Methods:
- Narrative review of survey research principles.
- Framework development for survey design.
- Application of framework to Delphi methodology.
Main Results:
- Established a framework for survey research design.
- Demonstrated relevance of survey principles to Delphi methods.
- Identified key considerations for survey development in expert panels.
Conclusions:
- Methodological considerations enhance critical care research quality.
- Rigorous survey design improves Delphi consensus-building.
- Framework supports high-quality research in critical care settings.
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