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Risk Factors for Acute on Chronic Pancreatitis - A Multicentric Case-Control Study
Chirurgia (Bucharest, Romania : 1990)
|July 21, 2026
Summary
Males with pancreatic abnormalities face a significantly higher risk of developing acute on chronic pancreatitis (ACP). This study highlights congenital pancreatic abnormalities as a key factor in ACP development, impacting patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology
- Pancreatology
- Clinical Research
Background:
- Acute on chronic pancreatitis (ACP) signifies an acute exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis (CP), leading to worsened patient conditions and pain.
- Understanding ACP's heterogeneity is crucial for analyzing clinical data, including sex differences, etiology, and outcomes.
- Congenital pancreatic abnormalities are investigated as a potential contributing factor to ACP.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine if congenital pancreatic abnormalities are a significant factor in the development of acute on chronic pancreatitis (ACP).
- To analyze sex differences, etiology, and outcomes in patients with ACP.
- To compare the risk factors and outcomes between ACP and acute pancreatitis (AP).
Main Methods:
- A multicentric case-control study comparing 181 ACP cases with 1754 AP controls.
- Data collected from patients hospitalized between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2023.
- Statistical analysis included frequencies, logistic regression, Pearson chi-square, Shapiro-Wilk, and Mann Whitney U tests.
Main Results:
- Male patients exhibited a 2.6-fold increased likelihood of developing ACP (p < 0.01).
- Patients with pancreatic abnormalities had a 51.2-fold higher probability of developing ACP (p < 0.01).
- ACP patients demonstrated a 70% lower in-hospital mortality risk compared to AP patients (p < 0.01).
Conclusions:
- Male sex and the presence of pancreatic abnormalities are significant risk factors for developing acute on chronic pancreatitis (ACP).
- Congenital pancreatic abnormalities substantially increase the risk of ACP.
- ACP is associated with a reduced risk of in-hospital mortality compared to AP.
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