Electric Field-Empowered Nanozymes: From Passive Adaptation to Active Precision Therapy

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Nanotechnology
• Catalysis

Background:

• Clinical translation of nanozymes is limited by uncontrollable catalytic activity.
• Need for active and precise spatiotemporal regulation of nanozymes.
• Inspiration from natural enzymes' electrostatic preorganization theory.

Purpose of the Study:

• Systematic analysis of electric field-regulated nanozymes.
• Explore tunable and complementary framework for active precise therapy.
• Elucidate atomic-scale mechanisms of electric field regulation.

Main Methods:

• Review of diverse electrical input modes for nanozyme catalysis.
• Analysis of atomic-scale mechanisms: d-band center, surface charges, band structure, active sites.
• Distillation of design principles for electric field-nanozyme coupling (charge pathway optimization).

Main Results:

• Electric fields offer tunable regulation surpassing conventional stimuli.
• Electric fields enhance nanozyme catalysis by optimizing electronic properties and lowering energy barriers.
• Design principles for efficient charge transfer pathways identified.

Conclusions:

• Electric field-regulated nanozymes show potential for on-demand activation, dosage control, and microenvironment remodeling in precision therapy.
• Interdisciplinary integration is key to addressing biosafety and mechanistic challenges.
• Provides a new perspective for advancing electric field-regulated nanozymes.