Mixed-Methods Exploratory Study on the Feasibility of a Yoga-Based Intervention for Adolescents with Autism Spectrum...

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is often accompanied by emotional and behavioral difficulties in adolescents. In turn, the well-being of adolescents with ASD, as well as that of their parents, can be affected. Yoga is a practice that may positively influence these difficulties. The present study aimed to explore the feasibility of yoga practice among adolescents with ASD and their parents. Six families (adolescents with ASD n = 6; mothers n = 5; fathers n = 3) participated in the Yoga Bali ASD program over an 8-week period. Feasibility was explored by measuring implementation, social acceptability, and potential effects of the program. Direct behavioral observations were conducted, and pre- and postintervention measures of anxiety levels and attention capacities in adolescents with ASD were collected. A semistructured group interview was conducted with all participants at the end of the program. The results suggest that the Yoga Bali ASD program is feasible for adolescents with ASD and their parents. A significant improvement in the attention abilities of adolescents was observed, along with a marginally significant reduction in anxiety symptoms. Qualitative analyses highlighted themes such as a sense of social support, group belonging during sessions, parental stress, school-related stress in adolescents with ASD, and appreciation of relaxation. Yoga practice appears to be an effective approach to supporting adolescents with ASD and their parents in addressing challenges such as reducing perceived stress and anxiety or improving attention abilities. Future research should investigate the potential moderating role of interpersonal relationships during yoga practice on anxiety and replicate these findings in a larger sample.