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Gender differences in the relationship between dynapenic abdominal obesity and non-neoplastic digestive system
Xuetao Dong1, Yan Zhang2,3, Yandi Liu4
1Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nankai University, Tianjin, 300121, China.
Background:
Non-neoplastic digestive system diseases (NNDSD) are highly prevalent among middle-aged and older adults and represent a substantial global health burden. Dynapenic abdominal obesity (DAO), a clinical phenotype characterized by low muscle strength (dynapenia) combined with abdominal obesity, has been associated with a range of chronic diseases. However, the prospective association between DAO and incident NNDSD has not yet been elucidated. This study aimed to examine the prospective association between DAO and the risk of new-onset NNDSD.
Methods:
A total of 5,956 participants from five waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study were included in the present analysis. Participants were classified into four groups: non-dynapenic/non-abdominally obese (ND/NAO), abdominal obesity only (ND/AO), dynapenia only (D/NAO), and DAO. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were employed to evaluate the association between DAO and incident NNDSD.
Results:
During a median 9-year follow-up, 1,082 incident cases of NNDSD were identified. In the overall population, participants with DAO exhibited a significantly higher risk of NNDSD than those in the ND/NAO group (HR = 1.597, 95% CI: 1.121-2.276). Notably, a pronounced sex-specific difference was observed. A significant association was observed among women (HR = 1.820, 95% CI: 1.235-2.683), whereas no significant association was identified among men.
Conclusion:
The coexistence of dynapenia and abdominal obesity was associated with an increased risk of incident NNDSD among middle-aged and older women, whereas no such association was observed among men. Early identification of the DAO phenotype may facilitate the implementation of targeted preventive interventions, including combined resistance and aerobic exercise programs, to reduce the risk of NNDSD.
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