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Published on: August 11, 2008

The First Documented Case of Congenital Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Indonesia: A Case Report

Cynthia Centauri1, Srisadono Fauzi Adiprabowo1, Putri Maharani Tristanita Marsubrin1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics University of Indonesia - Universitas Indonesia Hospital Depok Indonesia.

Respirology Case Reports
|July 22, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Congenital drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) is rare and challenging to diagnose in newborns. This case shows a preterm infant successfully treated with a multi-drug regimen including bedaquiline.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Neonatology

Background:

  • Congenital drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) is a rare and life-threatening condition.
  • Nonspecific clinical manifestations in preterm infants can impede early diagnosis.
  • Limited standardized treatment options exist for congenital DR-TB.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of congenital rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis in a preterm infant.
  • To highlight diagnostic challenges and treatment strategies for this rare condition.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a 32-week preterm infant with respiratory distress and jaundice.
  • Diagnosis confirmed by Xpert MTB/RIF on gastric lavage, with maternal TB diagnosis.
  • Treatment initiated with a five-drug regimen including bedaquiline.

Main Results:

  • The infant presented with symptoms initially mimicking sepsis.
  • Maternal diagnosis of miliary TB with rifampicin resistance was key.
  • The infant received a 12-month treatment course with a favorable outcome.

Conclusions:

  • Early recognition and prompt treatment are crucial for congenital DR-TB.
  • Bedaquiline-containing regimens can be effective in treating congenital DR-TB.
  • This case underscores the importance of considering maternal TB in neonatal diagnostics.

Keywords:
congenital tuberculosisdrug‐resistant TBpreterm infanttuberculosisbedaquiline safety

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