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Familial aggregation in Behçet's Disease: Sibling history as a risk factor for Neuro-Behçet

Emine Büşra Ata1, İbrahim Yahya Çakır2, Asena Eken3

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Health Sciences, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, General Tevfik Sağlam Street, Ankara, 06100, Türkiye. eminebusraata@gmail.com.

Irish Journal of Medical Science
|July 22, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Having an affected sibling triples the risk of neurological involvement in Behçet's disease (BD). Early recognition of neuro-Behçet is crucial for patients with a family history of BD.

Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Neurology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Behçet's disease (BD) is a multisystem inflammatory disorder with genetic and environmental influences.
  • Understanding familial aggregation's impact is key to pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate how a sibling history affects organ involvement and clinical features in Behçet's disease.
  • Identify predictors of major organ involvement in BD patients with a family history.

Main Methods:

  • Analyzed data from 891 Behçet's disease patients, stratified by family history (n=651) and affected sibling (n=70).
  • Retrieved demographic, clinical, and laboratory data.
  • Used logistic regression to identify predictors of major organ involvement, adjusting for covariates.

Main Results:

  • Patients with an affected sibling showed significantly higher rates of neurological involvement (20% vs. 7.5%).
  • A sibling history was associated with a threefold increased risk of neurological involvement (OR: 3.01).
  • Demographics and smoking status were similar between groups.

Conclusions:

  • An affected sibling increases the risk of neurological involvement in Behçet's disease by threefold.
  • Early recognition of neuro-Behçet is critical in individuals with a family history.
  • Clinicians should be vigilant for neurological manifestations in BD patients with affected siblings.
Abstract

Keywords:
Behçet’s diseaseFamily medical historyNeurologic manifestationsSiblings

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