Doru luteipes (Dermaptera: Forficulidae): Life History, Predatory Potential, and Rearing Method of Earwigs

The earwig Doru luteipes (Scudder) (Dermaptera: Forficulidae) is recognized as the most frequently encountered predatory insect species in maize agroecosystems across maize-producing regions of Brazil and other South American countries. For over three decades, the earwig has been extensively investigated through both field surveys and controlled laboratory studies aiming at biological control of insect pests. Although augmentative biological control strategies involving the release of D. luteipes have been proposed, the currently available data on its predatory behavior and efficiency remain scarce and scattered, hindering definition of its true potential as a biocontrol agent. In this review, we present a comprehensive synthesis of the current scientific knowledge on the life history of D. luteipes, highlighting studies that indicate the potential of the earwig in regulating populations of insect pests and fungal structures, including photographic records of its predatory activity. In addition, we propose a standardized and replicable rearing protocol for D. luteipes, which involves the use of acrylic straws as oviposition substrates and shelters, corrugated cardboard as a structural refuge, and the provision of a nutritionally adequate artificial diet for both nymphs and adults. The described method indicates to be suitable not only for rearing D. luteipes but also for other species within the order Dermaptera. Finally, we outline key research gaps and propose future directions for experimental and applied investigations targeting this natural enemy species, whose ecological role and full potential as a biological control agent in diverse agricultural systems remain insufficiently explored and understood.