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Valence-Differentiated Co-Doping in RuO2 for Enhanced Chlorine Evolution Activity and Durability
Jiangwen Xu1,2, Hongyi Li1,2, Jinxu Song1
1State Key Laboratory of Materials Low-Carbon Recycling, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, 100124Beijing, PR China.
This study introduces zinc and tin codoped ruthenium dioxide (ZnSn-RuO2) as a high-performance catalyst for the chlorine evolution reaction (CER). The new catalyst demonstrates excellent activity, selectivity, and long-term stability, addressing key challenges in the chlor-alkali industry.
Area of Science:
- Electrochemistry
- Materials Science
- Chemical Engineering
Background:
- The chlorine evolution reaction (CER) is central to the chlor-alkali industry.
- Conventional ruthenium dioxide (RuO2)-based dimensionally stable anodes (DSAs) suffer from high overpotential and poor stability, especially at high current densities.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a high-performance and durable electrode for the chlorine evolution reaction.
- To investigate the effect of zinc (Zn) and tin (Sn) codoping on RuO2 catalysts for CER.
Main Methods:
- Synthesis of zinc and tin codoped ruthenium dioxide (ZnSn-RuO2) catalysts.
- Systematic electrochemical evaluations including overpotential, Tafel slope, and selectivity measurements.
- Long-term stability testing at high current densities and application in ammonium-nitrogen removal.
Main Results:
- ZnSn-RuO2 catalysts exhibited a low overpotential (41 mV at 100 mA cm-2), small Tafel slope (47 mV dec-1), and high Cl2 selectivity (97.8%).
- The catalyst maintained stable operation for over 1000 hours at 1 A cm-2 with negligible potential decay.
- Achieved 94.7% efficiency for ammonium-nitrogen removal in 60 minutes.
Conclusions:
- Zn2+ enhances RuO2 intrinsic activity, while Sn4+ improves sample stability.
- The codoping strategy optimizes electronic structure and stabilizes structural integrity, suppressing Ru dissolution.
- This work presents a rational doping approach to enhance activity and durability of Ru-based CER catalysts for sustainable chlor-alkali electrolysis.
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