Structural, microstructural and surface properties of colloidal Pt@TiO₂-rGO nanocomposite for biomedical applications

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Nanotechnology
• Biomedical Engineering

Background:

• Developing multifunctional nanomaterials is crucial for advanced biomedical applications, particularly in cancer therapy.
• Combining multiple therapeutic modalities into a single platform can enhance treatment efficacy and overcome resistance.
• Platinum-based nanocomposites offer unique properties for therapeutic interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To synthesize and characterize a multifunctional Pt@TiO₂-rGO nanocomposite.
• To evaluate its potential for ultrasound-activated sonodynamic therapy (SDT), sono-thermal effects, radiotherapy dose enhancement, and nanozyme activity.
• To assess its suitability for biomedical applications, including multimodal cancer therapy.

Main Methods:

• One-step solvothermal synthesis of Pt@TiO₂-rGO nanocomposite.
• PEGylation to improve colloidal stability.
• Evaluation of sonocatalytic activity (methylene blue degradation), sono-thermal effects (temperature increase), radiotherapy dose enhancement, and enzyme-mimetic activity (peroxidase and catalase).

Main Results:

• High sonocatalytic activity (85% methylene blue degradation in 30 min) mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS).
• Significant temperature increase (up to 52.3°C) under ultrasound irradiation for thermal therapy.
• Radiotherapy dose enhancement of approximately 11.62% under electron irradiation, suitable for superficial treatments.
• Demonstrated peroxidase-like and catalase-like activities, functioning as a nanozyme.

Conclusions:

• The Pt@TiO₂-rGO nanocomposite is a versatile platform integrating SDT, thermal therapy, radiotherapy enhancement, and catalytic functions.
• This multifunctional material shows significant potential for multimodal cancer therapy.
• Further in vivo and biological studies are necessary to confirm its clinical applicability.