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Hospital-Based Violence Intervention Program: Impact on Post-Discharge Healthcare Engagement
Carma Goldstein1, Mary Alyce McCullough1, Richa Saxena2
1Department of Surgery, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.
The Journal of Surgical Research
|July 22, 2026
Summary
Hospital-based violence intervention programs (HVIPs) significantly improve follow-up care for trauma patients. HVIP enrollment enhances patient engagement with healthcare services, reducing missed appointments and strengthening care pathways.
Area of Science:
- Trauma Surgery
- Public Health
- Healthcare Management
Background:
- Hospital-based violence intervention programs (HVIPs) aim to reduce violence recurrence.
- Their effect on post-discharge healthcare engagement is not well understood.
- This study evaluates a new HVIP's impact on healthcare utilization.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the hospital system value of a newly implemented HVIP.
- To evaluate post-discharge healthcare engagement following penetrating firearm injuries.
- To determine the impact of HVIP enrollment on patient follow-up adherence.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective before-and-after cohort study.
- Compared patients with penetrating firearm injuries before (2022) and after (2024) HVIP implementation.
- Analyzed follow-up adherence and healthcare system engagement as primary and secondary outcomes.
Main Results:
- HVIP enrollment significantly increased follow-up adherence (100% vs. 88%, P=0.011).
- Medicine visits rose from 22% to 63% in the HVIP group compared to the non-enrolled group (P<0.001).
- No significant differences observed in surgical follow-up, post-discharge surgeries, or ED visits.
Conclusions:
- HVIP enrollment improves follow-up adherence and primary/specialty care engagement.
- HVIPs enhance healthcare continuity and institutional value by reducing missed appointments.
- Further research on long-term outcomes and cost-effectiveness is recommended.
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