Secondary reconstruction of post-traumatic orbital wall defects using 3D techniques in patients with ocular globe...

Orbital wall fractures can result in significant functional and aesthetic sequelae, requiring accurate surgical reconstruction to restore orbital anatomy and volume. Recent advances in Computer-Aided Design and Manufacturing (CAD/CAM) and 3D printing technologies have enhanced the precision of orbital reconstruction, particularly in complex secondary cases where anatomical landmarks are distorted by trauma or previous surgery. In patients with ocular globe loss, reconstruction primarily aims to restore orbital symmetry, optimize prosthetic rehabilitation, and improve facial aesthetics. This study presents two cases of complex secondary orbital wall reconstruction using advanced 3D-assisted surgical techniques in patients with ocular globe loss.

Two patients with significant orbital defects and ocular globe loss underwent surgical treatment. In the first case, a custom-designed titanium implant was fabricated using 3D modeling software based on the patient's CT scans. In the second case, a titanium plate was preformed by molding it onto a 3D-printed replica of the patient's unaffected orbit.

Both techniques allowed satisfactory restoration of orbital contours and volume, resulting in improved orbital symmetry and satisfactory adaptation of ocular prostheses. Favorable aesthetic outcomes were achieved in both patients, with no major postoperative complications reported.

The use of 3D printing technology in secondary orbital wall reconstruction may facilitate accurate anatomical restoration and may contribute to favorable functional and aesthetic outcomes in selected cases. Custom-made implants and preformed plates may represent useful tools for managing complex orbital reconstructions.