Spanish corporate microbiology and infectious diseases accounts on X (formerly Twitter®): A cross-sectional study

Social media, particularly X (Twitter®), have become key tools for scientific communication in microbiology and infectious diseases. However, their use within the Spanish institutional context has not been well characterized.

A cross-sectional descriptive observational study was conducted on Spanish corporate accounts on X (>1500 followers), identified through a systematic search. Publicly available data were analyzed, and ad hoc indicators of growth, activity, and digital influence were calculated.

A total of 30 accounts were included (40% services/units, 33% study groups, and 20% scientific societies). Audience distribution was highly skewed, with 23.3% of accounts concentrating 50% of followers. Scientific societies led in audience size and influence, whereas services accounted for most of the activity and growth.

In Spain, scientific communication on X exhibits a heterogeneous ecosystem with a dual structure, depending on the type of institutional actor.