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Vitamin-D and associated biomarker profiles in patients with chronic heart failure

Fazil Choban Almammadov1, Gulnara Alisha Jafarova2

  • 1Fazil Choban Almammadov, PhD Department of Family Medicine, Azerbaijan Medical University, Baku, Azerbaijan.

Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences
|July 23, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Vitamin-D deficiency is common in chronic heart failure (CHF). Lower Vitamin-D levels correlate with increased CHF severity and unfavorable biomarker profiles, suggesting a role in disease progression.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Vitamin-D deficiency is prevalent in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF).
  • This deficiency may be associated with disruptions in mineral metabolism and cardiovascular biomarkers.
  • Understanding this link is crucial for managing CHF progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between Vitamin-D status and various biochemical and cardiovascular markers in patients with different stages of CHF.
  • To explore how Vitamin-D levels relate to disease severity and specific biomarkers in CHF.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional observational study involving 219 CHF patients across NYHA functional classes I-IV.
  • Serum Vitamin-D, mineral parameters, and cardiovascular biomarkers (BNP, NT-proBNP, galectin-3, PTH, endothelin-1, FGF-23, VEGF-A) were measured.
  • Correlation analyses were employed to assess relationships between Vitamin-D levels and these markers.

Main Results:

  • Vitamin-D levels demonstrated a decrease with worsening NYHA functional class.
  • Advanced CHF was linked to mineral metabolism disturbances and elevated myocardial, neurohumoral, and vascular biomarkers.
  • Significant inverse correlations were found between Vitamin-D concentrations and BNP, NT-proBNP, galectin-3, and FGF-23.

Conclusions:

  • Lower Vitamin-D levels are associated with increased functional severity in CHF.
  • Worsening Vitamin-D deficiency correlates with unfavorable biomarker profiles, potentially contributing to disease progression and clinical deterioration.
Abstract

Keywords:
BNPChronic heart failureFGF-23NT-proBNPVEGF-AVitamin-D deficiencybiomarkersendothelin-1galectin-3

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