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Synergistic bimetallic Fe-Cu@hydrochar composite for efficient pharmaceutical removal via coupled adsorption and
Maria Aslam1, Zia Ul Haq Khan1, Mahmood M S Abdullah2
1Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad Campus Park Road 45550 Pakistan ziaulhaqkhan11@gmail.com.
Abstract:
Azithromycin (AZM), a commonly prescribed macrolide antibiotic, is an environmental contaminant that necessitates efficient removal methods. In this research, the synthesis of a novel Fe-Cu/hydrochar nanocomposite (Fe-Cu/HC) and its utilization for the removal of AZM through adsorption and a modified Fenton reaction have been investigated. The structure of the composite was characterized using FTIR, XRD, SEM, EDX, TEM, particle size distribution, zeta potential analysis, electrochemical polarization, and UV-DRS spectroscopy, which confirmed the successful loading of the Fe-Cu compounds onto the hydrochar support. The experimental conditions were optimized with respect to the pH, catalyst amount, concentration, temperature, and hydrogen peroxide concentration. A removal efficiency of ∼99% was achieved for the Fe-Cu/HC composite under optimal conditions, and an efficiency of 82-85% was observed even after five cycles, suggesting that the composite is stable. A comparison of both calcined and non-calcined composites showed that the calcined composite outperformed the non-calcined counterpart. Kinetics experiments compared pseudo 1st order and pseudo 2nd order models, with the pseudo 2nd order model giving the best fit, whereas for the equilibrium adsorption experiments, the Langmuir and Freundlich models were examined, and the Langmuir model gave the best fit.
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