High-Performance Heterocyclic Aramid Fibers Reinforced by Graphene Oxide for Advanced Impact-Resistant Applications

High-performance fiber materials, poly(p-phenylene-benzimidazole-terephthalamide) (PBIA) fibers, exhibit exceptional mechanical properties, and they are finding critical use in aerospace, ballistic protection, and other civilian areas. However, the insufficient orientation and weak lateral interactions of PBIA polymer chains limit their impact-resistant applications. In this work, we report a strategy that significantly enhances the dynamic mechanical properties of heterocyclic aramid fibers via in situ polymerization of graphene oxide (GO) and wet spinning, achieving an ultrahigh dynamic strength of 10.63 GPa, which exceeds that of PBIA fibers by 47.23%. To simultaneously enhance the strength and toughness of PBIA, an ether-group component was polymerized with GO, the dynamic toughness can reach 277.25 MJ m-³, which is 85.3% higher than that of PBIA fibers. The dynamic performance is attributed to improvements in contact area and interfacial energy. In laser-induced microparticle impact tests, the composite fiber exhibits a markedly higher specific energy dissipation power than other high-performance fibers. Importantly, large-scale and flexible fabrics were woven and exhibit superior impact resistance, highlighting the practical potential of these fibers, which showed a 40.46% higher load than PBIA fabrics in drop-hammer impact tests. This study presents a straightforward yet effective approach to enhancing the dynamic strength and toughness of PBIA fibers.