Treatment Patterns and Outcomes of Pediatric Chronic Myeloid Leukemia in a Brazilian Multicenter Cohort

This multicenter retrospective cohort study evaluated the treatment patterns and outcomes of 79 children and adolescents with chronic myeloid leukemia who were treated at eight Brazilian centers from 2000 to 2025. Most patients were diagnosed in chronic phase (90.7%) and received frontline imatinib (89.9). At 12 months, optimal molecular response was achieved in 86.5% of evaluable patients (45/52). Survival outcomes were favorable, with overall and event-free survival of 93.7% (74/79) and 72.1% (57/79), respectively. Notably, outcomes were comparable to international pediatric cohorts despite heterogeneous access to molecular monitoring and second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors.