Targeting the CD31 immunometabolic axis: Precision strategies for modulating T cell activation, migration, and...

Area of Science:

• Immunology
• Metabolic disease research
• Vascular biology

Background:

• CD31 (PECAM-1) is expressed on immune cells, platelets, and endothelial cells.
• It plays a role in immune activation thresholds and cellular energy coordination.
• CD31 is implicated in pathways relevant to metabolic disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the role of CD31 in immunometabolic pathways.
• To explore CD31's function in regulating T-cell activation, migration, and metabolism.
• To discuss CD31's involvement in inflammation associated with obesity, diabetes, and atherosclerosis.

Main Methods:

• Literature review synthesizing evidence on CD31's function.
• Analysis of CD31's role in T-cell immunometabolism.
• Examination of CD31-dependent signaling at the vascular-immune interface.

Main Results:

• CD31 restrains T-cell activation and guides migration.
• It balances glycolysis and mitochondrial function for T-cell metabolic reprogramming.
• CD31 signaling influences tissue inflammation in metabolic diseases.

Conclusions:

• CD31 is a key regulator of immunometabolic pathways.
• Both membrane CD31 and soluble sCD31 show potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
• Addressing pathway complexity and variability is crucial for clinical translation of CD31-targeted therapies.