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Targeting the CD31 immunometabolic axis: Precision strategies for modulating T cell activation, migration, and

Xumeng Han1, Feng Yang2, Chaoyuan Huang3

  • 1Hong Kong Traditional Chinese Medicine Phenome Research Centre, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.

Pathology, Research and Practice
|July 23, 2026
PubMed

Insights

CD31 (PECAM-1) regulates immune cell energy use and T-cell responses, impacting metabolic diseases. Modulating CD31 offers potential therapeutic strategies for metabolic inflammation.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Metabolic disease research
  • Vascular biology

Background:

  • CD31 (PECAM-1) is expressed on immune cells, platelets, and endothelial cells.
  • It plays a role in immune activation thresholds and cellular energy coordination.
  • CD31 is implicated in pathways relevant to metabolic disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of CD31 in immunometabolic pathways.
  • To explore CD31's function in regulating T-cell activation, migration, and metabolism.
  • To discuss CD31's involvement in inflammation associated with obesity, diabetes, and atherosclerosis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review synthesizing evidence on CD31's function.
  • Analysis of CD31's role in T-cell immunometabolism.
  • Examination of CD31-dependent signaling at the vascular-immune interface.

Main Results:

  • CD31 restrains T-cell activation and guides migration.
  • It balances glycolysis and mitochondrial function for T-cell metabolic reprogramming.
  • CD31 signaling influences tissue inflammation in metabolic diseases.

Conclusions:

  • CD31 is a key regulator of immunometabolic pathways.
  • Both membrane CD31 and soluble sCD31 show potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
  • Addressing pathway complexity and variability is crucial for clinical translation of CD31-targeted therapies.

Keywords:
CD31ITIMImmunometabolismInflammationMetabolic diseasesPECAM-1

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